CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025–26 | Units, Chapters, Marks & Practical Pattern
Table of Contents
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025–26 (Code 044) – Complete Guide for Board Exam 2026
The CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus 2025–26 is fully based on the NCERT textbook and is designed to test students on concepts related to reproduction, genetics, biotechnology, human health, and ecology.
For the 2026 CBSE board exam, Biology carries:
-
70 marks – Theory exam
-
30 marks – Practical assessment
The theory syllabus includes 5 units and 13 chapters.
This guide explains everything in a simple and clear way so that students can understand what to study and which topics are most important.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Marks Distribution (2025–26)
| Component | Marks |
|---|---|
| Theory Exam | 70 |
| Practical Exam | 30 |
| Total | 100 |
Unit-Wise Marks Distribution (Theory – 70 Marks)
| Unit | Unit Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| VI | Reproduction | 16 |
| VII | Genetics and Evolution | 20 |
| VIII | Biology and Human Welfare | 12 |
| IX | Biotechnology and its Applications | 12 |
| X | Ecology and Environment | 10 |
| Total | 70 |
Unit-Wise Chapters (As per NCERT)
Unit VI: Reproduction (16 Marks)
| Chapters |
|---|
| Reproduction in Organisms |
| Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants |
| Human Reproduction |
| Reproductive Health |
Important focus: Human reproduction, menstrual cycle, fertilization, contraception, and plant reproduction.
Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution (20 Marks – Highest Weightage)
| Chapters |
|---|
| Principles of Inheritance and Variation |
| Molecular Basis of Inheritance |
| Evolution |
Important focus: DNA, RNA, transcription, translation, genetic code, Mendel’s laws, and evolutionary theories.
Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare (12 Marks)
| Chapters |
|---|
| Human Health and Disease |
| Microbes in Human Welfare |
Important focus: Immunity, vaccines, antibiotics, common diseases, and useful microbes.
Unit IX: Biotechnology and its Applications (12 Marks)
| Chapters |
|---|
| Biotechnology: Principles and Processes |
| Biotechnology and its Applications |
Important focus: Recombinant DNA technology, PCR, cloning, insulin production, GM crops.
Unit X: Ecology and Environment (10 Marks)
| Chapters |
|---|
| Organisms and Populations |
| Ecosystem |
| Biodiversity and Conservation |
Important focus: Population growth, food chains, ecological pyramids, biodiversity loss, conservation methods.
Biology Practical Exam Pattern (30 Marks)
| Component | Marks |
|---|---|
| Experiments (2) | 8 + 8 = 16 |
| Spotting / Slide Study | 4 |
| Investigatory Project | 4 |
| Record File + Viva | 6 |
| Total | 30 |
CBSE Biology Theory Exam Pattern 2026
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Total Marks: 70
-
Time: 3 hours
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Question types:
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MCQs
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Assertion–Reason
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Short & long answer
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Case-based questions
-
-
33% internal choice available
High-Weightage Units & Important Chapters
High-Weight Units
-
Genetics and Evolution – 20 marks
-
Reproduction – 16 marks
Most Important Chapters
-
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
-
Evolution
-
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
-
Human Reproduction
-
Human Health and Disease
Why Students Must Know the Syllabus Clearly
Understanding the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus 2025–26 helps students:
- Plan studies properly
- Focus on scoring chapters
- Prepare for NEET and other medical exams
- Score higher in board exams
- Manage time effectively
Simple Preparation Tips for Class 12 Biology
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Study NCERT line by line
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Revise diagrams regularly
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Practice assertion–reason questions
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Memorize key terms and definitions
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Prepare practical notebook carefully
Final Words
The CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus 2025–26 (Code 044) is concept-based and very scoring if students study smartly. With proper focus on Genetics, Reproduction, and Biotechnology, students can easily score 85+ marks in Biology.
Click Here to Know More about CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 | Units, Chapters, Marks & Practical Details: https://dekhocampus.com/news/cbse-class-12-physics-syllabus-2025-26
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
The practical assessment carries 30 marks, including experiments, project, spotting, record file, and viva.
Genetics and Evolution (Unit VII) has the highest weightage with 20 marks.
Yes, the entire CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus is strictly based on the NCERT textbook.
Yes, Biotechnology carries 12 marks and includes direct theory-based and application-based questions, making it a high-scoring unit.
Yes, the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus is fully aligned with NEET, making it very useful for medical aspirants.
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